Na njikọ anyị “Ndị mmekọ na Nlekọta” mmemme nke UJA-Federation nke New York kwadoro, Y ga-egosipụta ajụjụ ọnụ sitere n'aka ndị lanarịrị obodo isii ka ha ghọta nke ọma akụkọ onye ọ bụla. A ga-egosi ajụjụ ọnụ ndị a n’ebe a na-edebe Ụlọikwuu Hibru “Inwe oge agha na gafere: Eserese nke ndị lanarịrị Oké Mgbukpọ mmụọ”. Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka ga-emeghe na Fraịde 8th nke November.
Hannah Eisner rụrụ ọrụ na Y 18 afọ, dị ka onye njikwa ụlọ ọrụ maka Hope Project na mgbe ahụ dị ka onye nduzi mmemme na etiti etiti. Ọ lara ezumike nká na 1987, mana ugbua bụ onye isi oche kọmitii cheed, na-aga otu mkparịta ụka kwa izu nke Onye Mmekọ na Nlekọta, na mgbe ụfọdụ na-akụzi klas origami ebe a na Y otu ugboro n'izu.
Hannah Eisner(ihe ọkpụkpụ nke Peter Bulow: www.peterbulow.com)
A mụrụ Hannah Eisner na Offenbach, Germany na Nọvemba 12, 1924. Ya na nne na nna ya abụọ tolitere na Offenbach. Nna ya rụrụ ọrụ dị ka osote onye isi oche nke ụlọ akụ nzuzo nke ndị Juu na nne ya na-anọ n'ụlọ nne ya. Mgbe 1934, E kweghị ka ụmụaka ndị Juu gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha, ya mere ndị nkụzi ndị Juu bụ ndị a na-anabataghịkwa n’ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na-akụziri ha ihe. Otú a ka ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị Juu dị na Offenbach si malite. Hana kọwara, Ọ dị m ka a napụghị m otú ahụ. Anyị nwere obodo nke anyị.” O chetara na e kweghị ka ndị Juu gaa ebe ọ bụla n’obodo ahụ. E nwere akara ndị dị n'èzí ụlọ ihe nkiri na ụlọ ọrụ achụmnta ego nke kwuru na "ndị Juu achọghị." Ọ kọwara otú e si meso ndị Juu ihe: A na-ewere ha dị ka ihe efu. Dị ka anụ ọhịa. "
Tupu Kristallnacht, nnukwu onye na-achọ ụlọ ahụ nna Hana rụrụ na ya rịọrọ ya ka o meere ya amara, nke nna Hana nwere ike inye aka. , Hana na ndị mụrụ ya kweere na ihe mere na e ''` akwatu ], , ch a ` ` ` ` super intendant. O chebere ezinụlọ Hana. Hana na-echeta, Ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihere mgbe a kpọrọ nna onye ọ bụla ọzọ, ma ọ nọ na nchekwa. N'agbanyeghị, mgbe ọ bụla mgbịrịgba ọnụ ụzọ kụrụ, otu egwu na-atụ na a ga-ebupụ ya. Otu onye biri n’oké egwu.” Hana chetara na ụjọ tụrụ ya na ezinụlọ ya. O kwuru na e nweghị ndị Juu ikpe ziri ezi.
E nwere obere ndị Juu bi na Offenbach, na n'oge Kristallnacht, Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ nile a wakporo ma gbaa ụlọ nzukọ ọkụ. Mgbe Kristallnacht gasịrị, Hana chetara mbibi ahụ mere na otú o si metụta ya na obodo ya. Ọ na-echeta na o jikere ịga akwụkwọ n’echi ya na otu n’ime ụmụ klas ya gwara ya ka ọ laa n’ụlọ n’ihi na o nweghị akwụkwọ fọdụrụnụ. E mesịa, ya na otu enyi ya gara ụlọ akwụkwọ, “anyị lere anya na windo ndị gbajiri agbaji, anyị hụrụ ya niile oji wee gbaa ọkụ.” O metụtara azụmahịa ndị Juu nke ukwuu. Ụlọ ahịa ha tọgbọrọ chakoo, ọ dịghịkwa onye mba ọzọ nwere obi ike ịbanye. Ọ kọwakwara na a chụpụrụ nna ya n'ọkwá ya n'ụlọ akụ dịka onye ọzọ na-abụghị onye Juu weghaara ụlọ akụ ahụ. "Mgbe Kristallnacht gasịrị, anyị maara na anyị ga-apụ ma ọ bụrụ na anyị nwere ike. "
Mgbe ihe omume Kristallnacht gasịrị, Hana na ezinụlọ ya chere ka a kpọọ nọmba ha ka ha bịa America. Ọ tụrụ egwu na a gaghị akpọ nọmba ha n'ihi na consulate America mechiri n'oge ọkọchị; Otú ọ dị, Akpọrọ nọmba ha tupu e mechie consulate. Mgbe ha na-eche ka a kpọọ nọmba ha, Hana na ezinụlọ ya jikere maka njem ha site n’iwere obere ego ha hapụrụ na ịzụrụ uwe ka ha rute America., ha ga-enwe uwe na akpụkpọ ụkwụ. Hana na-echeta na kwa ụbọchị ọ na-eche ka ọ gawa America, ọ nọ na-ele ka obodo ndị Juu na-adaba.
Otu n’ime ihe kacha echeta Hana bụ enyi ya Lisel Strauss. Mgbe mmadụ ga-anata akwụkwọ ikike ịhapụ obodo ahụ, Ọtụtụ mgbe akwụkwọ nkwupụta ahụ ezughị oke iji kpuchie ezinụlọ dum. Ezinụlọ Strauss enweghị akwụkwọ nkwupụta nke ga-ekpuchi ha anọ. Ya mere, ezinụlọ ahụ kewara. Nna na nwanne nwanyị nke obere, Ellen, buru ụzọ gaa Amerịka. Lisel na nne ya nọrọ n'azụ na-enwe olileanya na n'oge na-adịghị anya nna ahụ ga-enwe ike inweta akwụkwọ nkwupụta maka ha abụọ. Ma Lisel na nne ya apụghị. Ellen lụrụ otu nwoke na-azụ ahịa akpụkpọ anụ, akpan akpan Akpa. Akpa aka ha mere ka a na-akpọ Lisette, nke aha ya bụ Lisel. (Hana ka nwere akpa aka mbụ ya, e sere n'elu).
Ọtụtụ n’ime ndị ikwu Hana nwụrụ n’ogige ọnwụ ndị Nazi. O nwere otu nwa nwanne nna a tụrụ mkpọrọ n'otu n'ime ogige ndị ahụ. Nwa nwanne nna ya hụrụ otu enyi nwoke n'ogige ahụ. Enyi nwoke ahụ nwere ohere isi n'ogige ahụ pụọ, ma o kpebiri ịnọnyere nwa nwanne nna Hana. Ha abụọ mechara gbuo ọnụ n'ogige ahụ.
Ndị Eisner bịara America n'April 1939. Hana nwere ndị ikwu na New York bụ ndị gbaziri ụlọ maka ezinụlọ ya obere oge. Ọ na-echeta, O juru m anya, nnwere onwe ebe a, nke ukwuu… mgbe ndị ikwu bulitere anyị, ha goro anyị ọnụ ụlọ ruo mgbe ihe ole na ole anyị bịara…ha chọrọ ka m zụtara ihe n'ụlọ ahịa nri. Ya mere, jiri ezigbo Bekee m gbadara wee sị ‘enwere m akwa ma ọ bụ abụọ?’ Ha sịrị, ‘Gịnị? Gịnị kpatara na ị gaghị ewere iri na abuo?’ Ihe ndị a bụ ihe ijuanya nke onye si mba ọzọ.” Ezinụlọ Hana ga-agbazite ụlọ ime ụlọ ise, which was bigger than what they needed in order to rent out rooms to other refugees who could not afford their own apartments. Hannah remembers, “I never had a room of my own. For a long, long time because we rented out two rooms. But I’m glad to be alive.” When they first arrived, Hannah’s father took a job as a door-to-door salesman. This was a tremendous step down from his position at the bank, but it was the only work he was able to get. Eventually, he was fortunate enough to get a job as a shipping clerk. Hannah’s mother worked very little from home; she stitched slippers together.
Hannah was 14 afọ mgbe ọ bịara America. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nke obere wee gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị George Washington. Ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ mara mma, ma ọ chọghị ịga mahadum n'ihi na ọ ga-aga klas otu abalị. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, Hana rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ n’ịgba ụgwọ n’ebe a na-emepụta ihe na-akpụ akpụ.
Ibi ndụ site na mbibi nke Kristallnacht na Oké Mgbukpọ ahụ metụtara Hana n’ọtụtụ ụzọ n’oge ndụ ya nile, ma karịsịa ma a bịa n’ịzụ ụmụ ya. Ọ kọwara, “Akanyere m ha isi n'ihi na ọ dị m ka e gburu ndị ọzọ, anyị lanarịrị otú ahụ [ụmụ m] ekwesịghị ịbụ onye nzuzu. N'ihi ya, m na-akpagbu ụmụ m nwoke, nke m na-akwa ụta ugbu a.”
“Hitler mere m ọnụ na ịbụ onye Juu. Hitler mere m onye Juu.” Hana lụrụ na ya 1950 nye nwoke Austria nke ọ zutere na America. O nwere ụmụ nwoke abụọ na ụmụ ụmụ atọ. A nabatara nwa nwa ya n'etiti ndị agha Israel. Ọ na-anya isi nke ukwuuya.
Halley Goldberg nke Y's Partners in Careing initiative mere ajụjụ ọnụ a ma bụrụ nke YM.&YWHA nke Washington Heights na Inwood. A machibidoro iji ihe a eme ihe na-enweghị nkwenye ederede site na ma Y na onye a gbara ajụjụ ọnụ. Chọpụta ihe gbasara mmemme mmekọ na nlekọta ebe a: http://ywashhts.org/partners-caring-0
Ụlọikwuu Hibru Armin na Estelle Gold Wing Galleryna mpako mmekorita nanke YM&YWHA nke Washington Heights na Inwoodna-akpọ gị òkù ka anyị bịaNọvemba/December, 2013 Ihe ngosi“Inwe oge agha na gafere: Eserese nke ndị lanarịrị Oké Mgbukpọ mmụọ” ya na foto na ihe ọkpụkpụ site: YAEL BEN-ZION, PETER BULOW na ROJ RODRIGUEZ. Na njikọ na ọrụ pụrụ iche na ebe nchekwanke75th ncheta nke Kristallnacht - Abali nke iko gbajiri agbajiỌrụ na nnabata mmeghe nke onye nka, Fraide, Nọvemba 8th, 2013 7:30 elekere.
Nkwupụta sitere na Y : ” Ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ Washington Heights/Inwood Y anọwo, na-aga n'ihu na-adị, ebe mgbaba maka ndị na-achọ mgbaba, nkwanye ùgwù na nghọta. Ọtụtụ ndị na-abanye n'ọnụ ụzọ anyị ma na-ekere òkè n'usoro ihe omume anyị agabigawo ule na mkpagbu ndị anyị na-apụghị ọbụna ịmalite iche n'echiche.. Maka ụfọdụ, onye ga-eso na ihe ngosi a, Otu n'ime ihe egwu dị otú ahụ abụrụla nke ụwa mara nanị dị ka “Oké Mgbukpọ ahụ” – ogbugbu e gburu nde ndị Juu isii nke Europe n'usoro.
Anyị nọ na Y na-echeta oge gara aga, sọpụrụ ndị dịrị ndụ na ndị nwụrụ anwụ n’oge ahụ, ma chebe eziokwu maka ọgbọ ndị dị n'ihu. Maka ọdịmma onwe anyị na ụmụ anyị, anyị ga-ebufe akụkọ nke ndị ahụ nwere ihe ọjọọ nke agha. Enwere ihe mmụta a ga-amụta n'ọdịnihu. Halley Goldberg dekọtara ajụjụ ọnụ a, onye nlekọta mmemme "Ndị Mmekọ na Nlekọta. Emere mmemme a dị mkpa site na onyinye mmesapụ aka sitere n'aka UJA-Federation nke New York, emebere iji kwalite mmekọrịta na ụlọ nzukọ dị na Washington Heights na Inwood. “
Ngosipụta nka anyị jikọtara ọnụ na-egosi eserese na ajụjụ ọnụ nke ndị lanarịrị Oké Mgbukpọ ahụ, Hannah Eisner, Charlie na Lilli Friedman, Pearl Rosenzveig, Fredy Seidel na Ruth Wertheimer, ndị nile bụ ndị òtù nke Ụlọikwuu Hibru, ọgbakọ ndị Juu nke ọtụtụ ndị Juu German na-agbapụ na ndị Nazi ma nwee obi ụtọ ịbịa America, sonyeere na ngwụcha 1930. Na mgbakwunye, anyị ga-asọpụrụ onye lanarịrị Oké Mgbukpọ Gizelle Schwartz Bulow- nne nke onye na-ese ihe anyị bụ Peter Bulow na onye lanarịrị WWII Yan Neznanskiy - nna nke Y's Chief Program Officer, Victoria Neznansky.
Ozi Ụbọchị Izu Ike pụrụ iche, ya na ndị ọkà okwu, na ebe nchekwa nke 75th Anniversary nke Kristallnacht (Abalị nke iko gbajiri agbaji) buru ụzọ meghee ihe ngosi Gold Gallery/Y:Ọrụ na-amalite ozugbo na 7:30 etiti abalị. A na-akpọ mmadụ niile òkù ịbịa.
Maka awa oghe ma ọ bụ maka ozi ndị ọzọ biko kpọọ ụlọ nzukọ na212-568-8304 ma ọ bụ hụhttp://www.hebrewtabernacle.orgNkwupụta onye nka: Yael Ben-Zionwww.yaelbenzion.comA mụrụ Yael Ben-Zion na Minneapolis, MN ma zụlitere na Israel. Ọ bụ onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na International Center of Photography's General Studies Program. Ben-Zion bụ onye natara onyinye na onyinye dị iche iche, kacha nso nso a site na Puffin Foundation na site na NoMAA, na egosiputa ọrụ ya na United States na Europe. O bipụtala monograph abụọ nke ọrụ ya. Ya na di ya bi na Washington Heights, na ụmụ ejima ha.
Nkwupụta onye nka: Peter Bulow: www.peterbulow.com
Nne m mgbe ọ bụ nwata, anọwo na-ezo n'oge Oké Mgbukpọ ahụ. N'ime ọtụtụ afọ, ahụmahụ ya, ma ọ bụ ihe m chere na ọ bụ ahụmahụ ya, enwewo mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ahụ m. Mmetụta a na-egosipụta ma n'ime onwe m ma na ndụ nka m. A mụrụ m na India, biri dị ka nwantakịrị na Berlin wee kwaga US na nne na nna m mgbe m dị afọ 8. Enwere m Masters na Fine Arts na ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ. Abụkwa m onye natara onyinye nke ga-eme ka m nwee ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ọla kọpa nke ndị lanarịrị Oké Mgbukpọ ahụ.. Biko mee ka m mara ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere mmasị isonye na ọrụ a.
Nkwupụta onye nka :Roj Rodriguez: www.rojrodriguez.com
Arụ ọrụ m na-egosipụta njem m si Houston, TX - ebe amuru m ma zụlite - na New York - ebe, kpughere agbụrụ ya, Omenala na mmekọrịta akụ na ụba dị iche iche na echiche ya pụrụ iche gbasara ndị kwabatara– Achọtara m nkwanye ùgwù ọzọ maka ọdịbendị onye ọ bụla. Amụtala m ndị na-ese foto nke ọma, na-eme njem n'ụwa nke ukwuu ma soro ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara kachasị elu na ngalaba. Kemgbe Jenụwarị, 2006, Ọrụ m dị ka onye na-ese foto nọọrọ onwe ya abụrụla usoro ịse foto nke onwe nke na-apụta site na nghọta nke m banyere otu anyị si ekekọrịta ụwa ma na-egosipụta ihe okike anyị n'ozuzu ya.
