Jar conjunto ko nuestro “Socios jar ar ntsuni” programa financiado ir nge ar UJA — Federación ar Nueva York, ar ne contará ko entrevistas 'rato ya sobrevivientes locales pa t'ode hño ar 'bede ya jä'i.. Gi entrevistas ar exhibirán jar galería Tabernáculo Hebreo “Experimentando 'nar pa hñäki ne ma'bu̲: Retratos enérgicos sobrevivientes ar Holocausto”. Ar galería abrirá yá puertas ar Mbehe 8 ar Nobyembre.
Pearl Rosenzveig has been a member of the Y since 1998.
Perla Rosenzveig (Photograph by Yael Ben-Zion: www.yaelbenzion.com)
Pearl (Friedman) Rosenzveig was born in Simleu Silvania, Romania on February 22, 1919. The Friedman’s were the only Jewish family in Simleu Silvania. Her father owned a liquor, tobacco, and grocery store. She has a sister, Esther, who was born on January 21, 1921. Her mother’s side of the family resided in a town about 3 hours away by train. Pearl remembers her mother as a loving person, who was also a business woman. She described her mother as a conservative Jew.
In Simleu Silvania, there was only one school for all the children to attend, however there was no high school. Pearl recalls attending that school until her 7th year. She was a gifted gymnast and states that gymnastics was her favorite subject in school. When asked if Pearl experienced any anti-Semitism as a child, she remembered a story from her time in school. Pearl and her sister were in a play about Romania and all of the states within the country. Each child was given a state to play, while Esther was given the part of Romania. When the class performed the play for the Prime Minister, the Prime Minister asked the teacher why a Jew was playing the part of Romania.
Even though the Friedman’s were the only Jewish family in Simleu Silvania, they still practiced Judaism. They celebrated every Jewish holiday and they kept kosher. On Friday, Pearl’s father would travel to a nearby Hungarian town where there were more Jews and would attend Shabbat services. On high holy days, Pearl and her mother would travel to a town called Silvaniei to go to synagogue.
When Pearl was 15, the Prime Minister of Romania put restrictions on Jewish owned businesses. The Friedman’s lost their business and was forced to move to Simleu Silvaniei. Pearl attended community college in Simleu Silvaniei, but was told that she failed her classes because she was a Jew. This did not make any sense to Pearl because when the gym teacher was absent, Pearl was called to replace her because she was such a talented gymnast. Even though Pearl tried to fight her way to stay in school, she did not win. By age 17, Pearl left the school. When she realized she had limited opportunities in such a small town, in her early twenties Pearl moved to Budapest where one of her uncles lived. She needed to learn a skill in order to survive so Pearl learned to sew. Pearl wanted to maximize her opportunities to make a living, which is why she decided to move to Budapest. She took great interest in sewing, but wanted to improve so she took a class in pattern making. Pearl remembers that later on that she began sewing yellow stars onto clothing. She recalls, “When we were in the ghetto, we needed yellow stars on each item.” Pearl had been told many times that she did not look like a Jew. When Jews were unable to shop at stores, Pearl made the courageous decision to take off her yellow star and go shopping. One time she was stopped by a Hungarian police officer who asked her why sometimes he sees her with a yellow star and other times without the star. He told her, “You’re not Jewish. Take that star off forever.”
While in Budapest, Pearl was able to correspond with her parents by sending letters. However, she lost touch with her parents in the early 1940’s and Pearl knew that she had lost her parents forever. When reflecting on her feelings about the war, Pearl believes that the Hungarian government is responsible for the deaths of the Jews in Hungary.
After being in the ghetto for about two and half years, Pearl and the rest of the Jews were rounded up. She prepared by packing up her belongings. Pearl was sure to pack her mother’s jewelry and all the valuables that she had. In addition, she bought as much nonperishable food as she could so that she would not go hungry. One morning, the police came to the door and told her that she had five minutes to gather her belongings and leave. The police gathered a few thousand Jews in a lot. Pearl recalls that the police were extremely unorganized and eventually had to send all of the Jews home because they did not know what to do with all of them. She hoped that this would be the end, but it was not. In October 1943, she heard the knock on her door and once again she left the house. This time, it was for good. She remembers walking for what felt like forever. There were several thousand Jews that were forced to march day after day. When they would stop at night, Pearl remembers that they were given very little to eat. They served liquids only and she remembers the food being disgusting. She had no choice but to eat it. The Hungarian police orchestrated the march. Pearl felt disappointed, sad, and weak. She found the strength to carry on each day throughout the march. On the march, Pearl saw a woman coming out of her house. Pearl ran over to the woman and offered to give her the sweater she was wearing in exchange for any food. Pearl did not care that winter was coming. She was so hungry; all she could think about was getting food. The woman went into her house and came out with a lot of food for Pearl and she took the sweater.
Pearl recalls the march lasting from October to December. The weather got so cold, Pearl is glad that she did not lose her fingers on the march. She knew that she was walking to Germany, but she did not realize that she was walking to Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. She reached Bergen-Belsen in January 1944. When she got to the concentration camp, all of Pearl’s jewelry including her earrings and watch were confiscated. She was stripped of everything; including her clothes. She was given clothing that was full of lice. On the days that it would snow, Pearl would strip herself down to nothing and wash herself with soap in the snow. When she was done, she had to put her dirty clothes back on and go back to the barracks. When more people would come to the camp, Pearl would do what she could to make room for people in the barracks. This would leave her without a place to sleep. She stayed in the cold corridor and became very ill.
When the camp was liberated, Pearl saw British soldiers coming to the camp. She recalls them intimidating the German soldiers. After a week, Pearl was moved from Bergen-Belsen to a better facility in Germany. She remembers being fed a little better. Everyone was still very sick from the filth of the camp. A nurse came to help the refugees including Pearl who had come down with shingles. Eventually the Swedish came and opened their borders to the refugees and offered assistance to them. In 1945, Pearl decided that she wanted to go to Sweden. She was taken there along with other refugees. The refugees were taken care of by doctors and admitted to hospitals if they needed extra medical attention.
The refugees were put into Swedish summer homes outside of Stockholm. She recalls being placed with Czech, Hungarian, and Romanian refugees. She stayed there for two years. Pearl was very happy when she was there. She was given new clothes every season so she could be comfortable. After several years in Sweden, Pearl wrote to an uncle she found in New York. Her uncle immediately sent her $100. She used this money to buy herself a watch and to get her teeth fixed since they had been damaged from the war. Once she got herself fixed up, Pearl asked her uncle to help her come to America. Even though Pearl loved her life in Sweden, she wanted to be in New York with her family. She thought she would have to wait years to get to America because the Romanian quota was so small, but she and her uncle were able to work out a way to get Pearl to America as quickly as possible. The first affidavit that her uncle was able to get for her was not enough to get her into the country so her uncle asked a friend of his for help. This friend helped get Pearl an adequate affidavit to come to America.
On June 14, 1948, Pearl arrived in New York City. Her aunt was at the harbor waiting for her. She recognized Pearl by the pictures she had sent. She then lived with her aunt and uncle, and worked as a seamstress.
Pearl never imagined that she would marry an American man. She recalls that she met her husband when she was visiting a friend. She married Max Rosenzveig and they had 2 daughters. Pearl has six grandchildren.
This interview was transcribed (from a previoulsy recorded interview) by Halley Goldberg of the Y’s Partners in Caring initiative and belongs to the YM&YWHA Washington Heights ne Inwood. Njapu'befi nuna hñei 'ñotho ar je̲ya 'bu̲ xi 'yot'i tanto ar ar ne Komo ar ar entrevistado xí estrictamente prohibido.. Obtenga mäs ungumfädi dige ar programa Partners in Caring nuwa: http://ywashhts.org/partners-caring-0
Tabernáculo Hebreo Galería Armin ne Estelle Gold Wingjar orgullosa asociación koar YM&YWHA Washington Heights ne InwoodDi invita jar nuestroNobyembre yá disyembre, 2013 Exhibir“Experimentando 'nar pa hñäki ne ma'bu̲: Retratos enérgicos sobrevivientes ar Holocausto” fotografías ne esculturas ar: YAEL BEN — ZION, PETER BULOW ne ROJ RODRIGUEZ. Jar conjunto ko 'nar hontho hontho jar memoriaya ar75º Aniversario de la Kristallnacht - la Noche de los Cristales Rotos'Befi ne Recepción ar Apertura ar ar Artista, Mbehe, 8 ar Nobyembre, 2013 7:30 hne.m.
'Nar hmä ar ar ne : ” Nxoge décadas, washington Heights yá Inwood ne ge, ne te̲ni komongu, 'nar refugio pa ga̲tho nu yá da buscan refugio, nt'emunsu ne da 'yo̲de. Xingu ya da ku̲t'i ya nuestras puertas ne participan HMUNTS'UJE programas xi vivido pruebas ne tribulaciones mi otho siquiera podemos ndi ndu̲i ndi mi.. Pa 'ra, hoki yá 'be̲hñä yá formarán 'nar xe̲ni ar nuna ar exposición, 'na esos horrores xi zo̲ho̲ da conocido ya jar ximha̲i simplemente komongu "El Holocausto" – asesinato sistemático 'rato millones judíos Europa.
Nugu̲je ja ar ne recordamos ar ndamäni, honrar mi vivieron ne murieron Nxoge Nunu̲ ar pa, ne salvaguardar majwäni pa ya 'mui futuras. Ya ar hño nugu̲ju̲ xkagentho ne hmunts'uje bätsi, debemos ungumfädi ya historias ga̲tho nu yá nä'ä xi experimentado ya males ar hñäki. Jawa lecciones da meya pa ar futuro. Ya entrevistas gi 'bu̲hu̲ documentadas ya Halley Goldberg, 'nar supervisor ar programa "Partners in Caring". Nuna ar programa vital mar tsa̲ jamädi 'nar generosa subvención ar ar UJA — Federación ar Nueva York, diseñado pa mejorar ja yá nthe ko ya sinagogas jar Washington Heights ne Inwood. “
Ma exposición arte Nxoge presenta retratos ne entrevistas sobrevivientes ar Holocausto, Hannah Eisner, Charlie ne Lilli Friedman, Perla Rosenzveig, Fredy Seidel ne Ruth Wertheimer, nga̲tho ya ne nuya ya Maxte Tabernáculo Hebreo, 'nar congregación judía da xingu ya judíos alemanes huyen ya nazis ne pe̲ts'i ar suerte ar ehe Amerika, unió da finales ar década 1930. 'Nehe, 'nehe honraremos bí sobreviviente ar Holocausto Gizelle Schwartz Bulow.- nänä ma artista Peter Bulow ne sobreviviente ár ñoho hñäki jar nxoge ximhai Yan Neznanskiy — tada ar Director Programas ar ar ne, Victoria Neznansky.
'Nar hontho hontho ar nsabdo, ko altavoces, jar memoria ar 75 ar pa ar ntso̲ni ar Kristallnacht (nxui ya cristales rotos) teni ar inauguración ar exposición Gold Gallery yá ne:Ya 'befi comienzan puntualmente ja ya 7:30 BÍ. Ga̲tho gi 'bu̲hu̲ invitados da wat'i.
Pa ar horario apertura ar galería wa da uni mäs ungumfädi, llame jar ar sinagoga da ar212-568-8304 wa nu'iHTTP://www.hebrewtabernacle.orgHmä ar artista: Yael Ben — Zionwww.yaelbenzion.comYael Ben — Zion nació jar Minneapolis, MN ne criado jar Israel. Ar graduada ar Programa nsadi Nxoge ya ar made ja ya Fotografía. Ben — Zion xi recibido ndunthe ar becas ne ar premios, mäs recientemente ar Fundación Puffin ne NoMAA, ne ár obra xi xi expuesta ir 'rangu̲di ne jar Europa. Xi publicado yoho monografías ár obra. 'Bu̲i Washington Heights ko ár ndo̲., ne yá gemelos.
Hmä ar artista: Pedro Bulow: www.peterbulow.com
Ma nänä nxutsi, xkí 'ma̲i escondido Nxoge ar Holocausto. A lo largo de ya je̲ya, ár mfeni, wa da imaginé ke mi xi ár mfeni, Xi tenido 'nar Nar dätä hño influencia ko ngeki. Nuna ar influencia ar refleja tanto ja ma nzaki jä'i Komo ja ma nzaki artística.. Dá 'bu̲i ar India, Viví nu'bu̲ mí ge 'nar bätsi pequeño jar Berlín ne emigré ja ya Mi'rangudi ko ma tada ar bätsitho 8. Dí 'ñehe 'nar Maestría jar Bellas Artes jar escultura. 'Nehe Dar receptor 'nar subvención nä'ä di permitirá ga hoki 'nar 'bede limitado bustos bronce sobrevivientes ar Holocausto.. Jaki ar mäte, gi ga japi ga pädi nu'bu̲ xi interesado jar 'mui nuna ar 'be̲fi.
Hmä ar artista :Roj Rodríguez: www.rojrodriguez.com
Ma komongu 'be̲fi refleja ma viaje ndezu̲ ar Houston, TX — ho dá ne crecí — bí Nueva York — ho, expuesto ár etnia, ar 'na'ño 'mu̲i ya ne ya socioeconómica ne ár visión ho̲ntho dige ya inmigrantes– Dá tini nt'emunsu renovado ya jár 'mui ngatho. Xta xi aprendiz fotógrafos xi hño establecidos, viajó nge ar ximha̲i extensamente ne colaboró ko xingu ya mpädi mäs xi profesionales jar hwähi. Ndezu̲ ar enero, 2006, ma carrera komongu fotógrafo Ndäse̲ ar xi convertido ja 'nar proceso ar asumir 'yot'e ya fotografía ya jä'i da surgen ma 'nar nt'ot'ise̲ da 'yo̲de ar nt'ot'e da compartimos jar ximha̲i ne ejercitamos ma creatividad komongu 'nar ga̲tho.
